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範例:靜電感應與驗電器[98學測]

富蘭克林為研究雷電現象,設計了如圖所示的裝置。他將避雷針線路與接地線分開,並在分開處裝上帽形的金屬鐘A與B,兩鐘之間另以絲線懸吊一個金屬小球C,A鐘下方另以導線連接兩個很輕的金屬小球,形成驗電器D。當避雷針上空附近的雲不帶電時,三個小球均靜止下垂。依據以上所述,並假設驗電器周圍的空氣不導電,試回答1~2題。[98學測]

(1)當低空帶電的雲接近避雷針頂端時,下列有關小球C的敘述,何者正確? (A)小球會保持靜止下垂,不會擺動 (B)小球會在A與B間擺動,來回撞擊A與B (C)小球會先擺向A,撞到A後被A吸住,不再分離 (D)小球會先擺向B,撞到B後被B吸住,不再分離。

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Posted in 庫侖定律, 歷屆學測(推甄)考題.

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